Regardless of the cause, settlement can destroy the value of structures and even make them dangerous. Nevertheless, water is the fundamental culprit in almost all expansive soil issues. Specified constituents of particular soils often swell up or shrink with variations in moisture. The extent of this motion differs between soils.
Those soils highest in clay content are usually more vulnerable while those that have the lowest clay content are least affected. In certain areas the movement can be difficult to see; in others, it is extremely evident.
Whenever unstable soils are utilized as a base for a foundation, the inclination for motion is given to the foundation. Since soil movement is seldom uniform, the foundation is put through a differential or upheaval. The problem appears both in slab, and pier and beam type foundations. If all of the soil under a foundation or slab swells uniformly, there normally isn't a problem. Problems occur, however, whenever only a portion of the slab settles. Then, the differential movement produces cracks or other problems.
In residential properties, slab settlement issues can cause possible damage to the structure, possible accidents, and reduced real-estate value. Poor drainage, tripping hazards, rough floors, ugly cracks, and equipment failures can also result from concrete slab settlement.

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